Fire brick wall structure



Dec. 8, 1964 G. A. DEMING 3,159,944

FIRE BRICK WALL- STRUCTURE Filed July 25, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. George 4. 061722229 Zw y 1 Dec. 8, 1964 e. A. DEMING 3,159,944

FIRE BRICK WALL STRUCTURE Filed July 25, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 FLT ZO IN VENTOR.

diiiornez s Dec. 8, 1964 G. A. DEMING FIRE BRICK WALL. STRUCTURE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 25, 1957 a/ .5 v i W w Y W m a i flaw 8, 1964 e. A. DEMING FIRE BRICK WALL STRUCTURE Filed July 25, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 ZNVENTOR. Gevrgeflfiem 6 my w J1 liiomeqfi United States Patent 3,159,944 FEE BRICK WALL STRUCTURE George A. Deming, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Chicago Fire Brick Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Filed July 25, 1957, Ser. No. 674,070 3 Claims. (C1, 56-399) My invention relates to fire brick wall structures and is more particularly adapted to furnaces and heat enclosures having temperatures under 1900. My invention thus contemplates a very light fire brick wall which can take the place of the heavier fire brick walls which are usually used in connection with heat enclosures adapted to withstand higher temperatures.

My invention, because of its simplicity, is of economical construction, and it is designed so that all joints between the fire brick are offset so that there is no long joint consisting of a plurality of fire brick. 1

My invention further contemplates a retaining framework consisting of horizontal and vertical members together with novel means mounted on said framework to not only retain the brick in their position but to simplify the method of building up the wall.

In a preferred form of my invention I use What might be called a U-shaped channel with inturned legs adapted to retain headed fire brick, together with means so that the brick may be inserted into said channels and slid into their proper positions. I then use light fire brick for the facing which are held in place by the headed fire brick, all adjacent joints being broken, as already explained.

I further provide novel means on the horizontal elements of said framework which are adapted to support the U-shaped brick-retaining elements. In addition, in this preferred form, I utilize shelves likewise mounted on the horizontal elements of said framework, which shelves are adapted to support the U-shaped channels.

My invention further contemplates that. the U-shaped elements are only of a given length so that the wall may be sectionalized, said elements being supported by plates carried by the horizontal elements of the framework.

In another form of my invention I arranged the U- shaped elements in connection with their shelves in such a way that no sectionalizing of said U-shaped elements is needed.

My invention further contemplates the cooperation between the facing brick of the wall together with the retaining fire brick elements which are held by the U- shaped channels so that the wall may be constructed to slant either forwardly or backwardly without disturbing the relationship of the fire brick and their supporting framework elements.

I will describe my invention more in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating various embodiments thereof, in which FIG. 1 is a face view of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention, certain parts being left out more clearly to reveal features of construction;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing the shelving arrangement together with the mounting element whereby said shelving be secured to the horizontal members of the framework;

FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the fire brick which secures the facing brick to the framework;

FIG. 4 is a view partly in section showing different facing brick as held in position;

FIG. 5 is a view of such modified facing brick;

FIG. 6 is a similar view showing the arrangement in a V sectionalized wall as supported on shelving;

FIG. 7 is a prespective view of the U-shaped channel; FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the facing brick used in connection with FIGS. 4 and 5;

ICC

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the facing elements as held in place by I-shaped retaining brick; together with fill-in refractory material rearwardly'of the facing brick;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a modified form of holding the U-shaped channels in position on the framework;

FIG. 11 is a broken view showing the modified type of U-shaped channels used in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a view showing the manner of supporting the shelving on the horizontal members of the framework;

FIG. 13 is a fragmentary view illustrating a feature of the construction;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view with certain parts broken anw more clearly to reveal features of construction;

FIG. 15 is a view showing a method of securing the, superposed U-shaped channels in position;

FIG. 16 is a detailed view showing the manner of supporting the U-shaped channels as in FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the use of different types of retaining brickso as to permit slanting of the wall backwardly;

FIG. 18 is a detailed view showing the slanted condition of the wall;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the modified form of the retaining brick;

FIG. 20 is a view partly in section of a modified form of the invention using a modified type of retaining brick;

FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing such retaining brick in position and together with the facing brick; and

FIG. 22 is a detailed view showing the manner of supporting the U-shaped channel upon the framework.

Referring more particularly to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, I show a framework consisting of the vertical member 10 and the horizontal members 11.. These members are adapted to support the fire brick wall, which fire' brick wall consists of facing brick 12 and retaining brick 13. The framework carries supporting elements 14 secured to the horizontal elements of the framework. These supporting elements are channels that are more or less U- shaped with outturned legs. These supporting elements are adapted to hold shelves 15 in position, as shown more clearly in FIG. 2, in that the shelving has reversely bent fingers 16 which hook over one of the legs of the element The U-shaped channel members 17 are mounted between two horizontal framework elements, which construction will be more readily apparent from an inspection of FIG. 7. Cutout portions 18 and 18 are provided in these channel elements so that they may be mounted in position between the two elements 14. It will be noted that the openings 13 permit the element 17 to be mounted on top of element 14, as shown in FIG. 1, and also to be held in position at their upper extremities against said supporting elements 14. It'will be noted in FIG. 1 that the shelving 15, which has fingers to hook over the elements It, has a cut-away portion in its center portion so that the element 17 may lock within said cut-out portion, thus to permit the U-shaped elements to be securely held by the elements 14.

' The headed bricks 13 are adapted to have their rear headed portions 20 held in position by being mounted within the in-turned flanges 21 of the U-shaoed elements 17. The outer edges of these brickalso have headed portions which in turn support facing tile 12 provided with offset portions 22, as shown more cl arly in FIG. 1. The offset portions 22 cooperate with the outer headed portions 23 of the brick 13;

From what has thus been described it will be seen that I have provided a framework of horizontal and vertical elements adapted to support a light fire brick wall con- Patented Dec. 8, 1964 should it be desired to slant the wall. a ridge 28 at its rear face and a ridge 29 at its front face,

' 3 sisting of the fire brick 12 and retaining fire brick 13, the rear portion back of the facing brick 12 beingfilled with refractory material 24. The novel feature consists of the shelving 15 which is held in place upon the retaining elements 14 together with the U-shaped channels 17 locked in place between the. upper and lower elements 14. The fire brick are supported either upon the shelving or upon a lower base brick 25, as shown in FIG. 2. The U-shaped channel elements have their inturned fingers cut away as at 26 to leave an opening so that the headed fire brick 13 may be inserted into'position through said opening and slide downwardly into their final resting positions.

It will also be noted that the facing brick 12 are provided with a ridge around their entire circumference so that they are held in place should it be desired to build a wall which may slant inwardly a trifle.

It will be noted from an inspection of FIG. 1 that the joints between the tile are broken or offset so as to avoid too rapid deterioration due to the heat.

In FIG. 8 I more clearly show the facing brick 12 with its completely surrounding ridge portion 22.

In FIG. 9 I show a sectional view more clearly revealing the cooperation between the retaining tile and the facing tile.

In FIGS. 4 and I show my invention as adapted to their two faces to illustrate holding these tile in position Facing tile 27 has As will beunderstood suitable refractory material 3% is placed in position after the tile has reached their resting positions upon their respective shelving.

In the form of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6 the rear metallic plate 31 covers the entire rear surface so that it is not possible tointroduce refractory material from the rear side in those cases where the supporting elements 14 are mounted directly upon such wall.

It will be noted that with the construction of the tile as shown in FIG. 5 thatthe wall may slant a trifle without the fire brick falling out of position.

In FIG. I show different means for supporting the U-shaped channels in position in such a manner that I may use a removable rear wall thus to fill in the refractory material 24 from the rear; In this particular case I provide shelves 32 which have fingers 33 hooked over the upper flange of the channelelement'34. These shelves are provided with holes 35 so that the U-shaped channel elements 36 may be held in place by virtue of extended portions 37 and extended portions 38 which fitinto the holes 35 provided in said shelves. In arranging my construction in this way I am able to remove the rear wall,

as stated, so as to fill in refractory material from the rear. v

In FIG. 14' I show the wall as constructed more or less in accordance with FIG. 10 except that the .wall is not sectionalized to the extent that the'wall of FIG. 10 is sectionalized." The particular wall ofFIG. 14 is built up from abase 39of fire brick and the U-shaped channel elements 41 extend over a'considerably longer space than is the case in FIG; 10. To this extent the shelves 39 have enlarged holes 40 so as to permit the entire U-shaped channels 41 to extend over a greater vertical distance by beingpassed through said holes 40 and mounted upon I shelving or otherwise at the bottom 'of the, wall. The shelving 39 may, of course, as shown, he used to'sectionalize the brickwork without sectionalizing the U-shaped channels. Openings 42 are provided in the channels to permit insertion of the brickwork.

In this structure the rear metallic facing wall may, of course, be removed if used to supply refractory material between the brick from the rear. k p

In FIG. 15 I show a clamp or clip 42a which forms a seat for two superposed channel members 41 to thus securely hold them in position. The end portions of these U-shaped channels may be bent outwardly as shown in '44 has a headed portion 45 so that it may be seated or housed in the U-shaped channel element. It then has ridges 46 and 47 against which the facing tile 27 are placed. It will be noted that because of the different positions of the ridges 28 and 2? that these facing brick are held in position even though the wall is slanted backwardly, as shown more clearly in FIG. 18.

In FIGS. 20, 21 and 22 I show a U-shaped channel element 48 having bent out fingers 49 adapted to engage angle irons 50 forming part of the framework. In this manner the U-shaped elements are held in place upon the rear wall. The U-shaped elements are adapted to cooperate with retaining tile 51 having headed portions 52 and 53. The headed portions 52 are housed within the U-shaped retaining element and the headed portions 53 hold the facing tile 54 in place. It will be noted that the retaining elements 51 are twice the widthof the facing wall tile 54. Suitable refractory material 55 backs up the facing tile 54.

It will be seen that no metal portions of this structure are embedded in insulation of any type., The wall of FIG. 20 is not shown as sectionalized as there is no supporting shelving in that particular illustration.

From what has thus been described it is thought that my invention will be clear to thoseskilled in the art, and what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination with a metallic framework having vertically spaced horizontally extending members thereon each provided with a longitudinally extending marginal flange, of shelves mounted on each of said horizontally extending members in spaced relation longitudinally of said metallic members, said shelves having hook portions closely embracing said marginal flanges to removably support said shelves in a position to extend horizontally from said metallic members, said shelves on vertically spaced metallic members being in vertical alignment, channelretaining bars U-shaped in cross section, each supported vertically between a pair of vertically spaced shelves, said channelretaining bars being spaced longitudinally of said horizontally extending members, the side flanges of said channel bars having inwardly directed longitudinal marginal flanges thereon defining a slot between them and terminating short of said side flanges at one end thereof to provide an opening between said side flanges of the full width of the channel of said bars and said shelves projecting laterally and inwardly beyond the sideflanges of said channel retaining bars to provide supporting ledges protruding laterally and inwardly from said channel retaining bars, a vertical row of retaining bricks mounted on each of said shelves and having heads thereon at one end thereof seated in said channels of said channel retaining bars, reduced mid-portions extend- .ing through said slots and heads at the other ends thereof spaced from said inwardly directed flanges on said channel retaining bars, and vertical rows of brickswider, longer andthinner than said retaining bricks alternating with said rows of retaining bricks and mounted on said supporting ledges of said shelves and having shoulders thereon said shelves in a position to extend horizontally from said metallic members, said shelves on vertically spaced metallic members being in vertical alignment, channel retaining bars U-shaped in cross section, each extending vertically between a pair of vertically spaced shelves, said channel retaining bars being spaced longitudinally of said horizontally extending members, the side flanges of said channel bars having inwardly directed longitudinal marginal flanges thereon defining a slot between them and terminating short of said side flanges at one end thereof to provide an opening between said side flanges of the full width of the channel of said bars, said side flanges having longitudinally extending slots therein opening through the ends of said side flanges and having said upwardly and downwardly directed flanges seated therein to interlock said retaining channel bars and said horizontally extending members, a vertical row of retaining bricks mounted on each of said shelves and having heads thereon at one end thereof seated in said channels of said channel retaining bars, reduced mid-portions extending through said slots and heads at the other ends thereof spaced from said inwardly directed flanges on said channel retaining bars, and vertical rows of bricks wider, longer and thinner than said retaining bricks alternating with said rows of retaining bricks and mounted on said supporting ledges of said shelves and having shoulders thereon engaging behind said heads on the other ends of said retaining bricks.

3. The combination with a metallic framework having vertically spaced horizontally extending members thereon hook portions closely embracing said mar ginal flanges to removably support said shelves in a position to extend horizontally from said metallic members, said shelves on vertically spaced metallic members being in vertical alignment, channel retaining bars U-shaped in cross section, each extending vertically between a pair of vertically spaced shelves, said channel retaining bars being spacedlongitudinally of said horizontally extending members, the side flanges of said channel bars having inwardly directed longitudinal marginal flanges thereon defining a slot between them and terminating short of said side flanges at one end thereof to provide an opening between said'side flanges of the full width of the channel in said bars, the web portion of each of said channel retaining bars extending endwise beyond the ends of said side flanges to provide wide flat end portions on said retaining channel bars and said shelves having transverse slots therein receiving said end portions to interlock said retaining channel bars and said shelves, said shelves projecting laterally and inwardly beyond the side flanges of said channel retaining bars to provide supporting ledges protruding laterally and inwardly from said channel retaining bars, a vertical row of retaining bricks mounted on each of said shelves and having heads thereon at one end thereof seated in said channels of said channel retaining bars, reduced mid-portions extending through said slots and heads at the other ends thereof spaced from said inwardly directed flanges on said channel retaining bars, and vertical rows of bricks Wider, longer and thinner than said retainingbricks alternating with said rows of retaining bricks and mounted on said supporting ledges of said shelves and having shoulders thereon engaging behind said heads on the other ends of said retaining 

1. THE COMBINATION WITH A METALLIC FRAMEWORK HAVING VERTICALLY SPACED HORIZONTALLY EXTENDING MEMBERS THEREON EACH PROVIDED WITH A LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING MARGINAL FLANGE, OF SHELVES MOUNTED ON EACH OF SAID HORIZONTALLY EXTENDING MEMBERS IN SPACED RELATION LONGITUDINALLY OF SAID METALLIC MEMBERS, SAID SHELVES HAVING HOOK PORTIONS CLOSELY EMBRACING SAID MARGINAL FLANGES TO REMOVABLY SUPPORT SAID SHELVES IN A POSITION TO EXTEND HORIZONTALLY FROM SAID METALLIC MEMBERS, SAID SHELVES ON VERTICALLY SPACED METALLIC MEMBERS BEING IN VERTICAL ALIGNMENT, CHANNEL RETAINING BARS U-SHAPED IN CROSS SECTION, EACH SUPPORTED VERTICALLY BETWEEN A PAIR OF VERTICALLY SPACED SHELVES, SAID CHANNEL RETAINING BARS BEING SPACED LONGITUDINALLY OF SAID HORIZONTALLY EXTENDING MEMBERS, THE SIDE FLANGES SAID CHANNEL BARS HAVING INWARDLY DIRECTED LONGITUDINAL MARGINAL FLANGES THEREON DEFINING A SLOT BETWEEN THEM AND TERMINATING SHORT OF SAID SIDE FLANGES AT ONE END THEREOF TO PROVIDE AN OPENING BETWEEN SAID SIDE FLANGES OF THE FULL WIDTH OF THE CHANNEL OF SAID BARS AND SAID SHELVES PROJECTING LATERALLY AND INWARDLY BEYOND THE SIDE FLANGES OF SAID CHANNEL RETAINING BARS TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING LEDGES PROTRUDING LATERALLY AND INWARDLY FROM SAID CHANNEL RETAINNING BARS, A VERTICAL ROW OF RETAINING BRICKS MOUNTED ON EACH OF SAID SHELVES AND HAVING HEADS THEREON AT ONE END THEREOF SEATED IN SAID CHANNELS OF SAID CHANNEL RETAINING BARS, REDUCED MID-PORTIONS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID SLOTS AND HEADS AT THE OTHER ENDS THEREOF SPACED FROM SAID INWARDLY DIRECTED FLANGES ON SAID CHANNEL RETAINING BARS, AND VERTICAL ROWS OF BRICKS WIDER, LONGER AND THINNER THAN SAID RETAINING BRICKS ALTERNATING WITH SAID ROWS OF RETAINING BRICKS AND MOUNTED ON SAID SUPPORTING LEDGES OF SAID SHELVES AND HAVING SHOULDERS THEREON ENGAGING BEHIND SAID HEADS ON THE OTHER ENDS OF SAID RETAINING BRICKS. 